Pueros is far too accurate in his description of contemporary slavery in Niger. Despite being made illegal on March 5, 2005, slavery continues in that country. Just a couple of weeks ago, I received an email from Anti-Slavery International (the oldest abolitionist society in the world, founded in 1842) in regard to the NON-abolition of slavery in that country
In March I wrote to tell you some good news that the Niger Government was going to hold a ceremony that would mark an end to slavery throughout the country. 7,000 people were to be released in one region of Niger. However, that release did not go ahead as planned. A ceremony was held and slavery was announced to be a criminal offence, but the authorities warned slave masters not to release their slaves officially. If they did, they were told they would face up to 30 years in prison.
Now, in an alarming move, the Government of Niger has arrested the countrys leading anti-slavery activist, Ilguilas Weila. He and another activist, Alassane Biga, remain in prison following their arrest over a week ago. On 5 May, they were charged with illegally soliciting funds from an international organisation based in London, meaning Anti-Slavery International. This charge is unfounded and baseless.
On 28 April, Ilguilas Weila, president of Niger's pioneering anti-slavery organisation Timidria and 2004 Anti-Slavery Award winner, Alassane Biga, Assistant General Secretary of Timidria's Tillabery office, and four other people, were arrested and accused of propagating false information on slavery and attempting to raise funds illegally. The charge of propagating false information on slavery has now been dropped and the four men who were arrested with Weila and Biga were released.
The Government's actions against Weila and Biga appear to be a concerted campaign to discredit them and the work of Timidria as a whole.
At least 43,000 people are in slavery across Niger. They are born into an established slave class and are made to carry out all labour required by their masters without pay, including herding, cleaning, and moving their masters tent to ensure he and his family are always in the shade. Slaves are inherited, given as gifts and babies may be taken away from their mothers once weaned. They are denied all rights and choice.
In May 2004 a new law came into effect making practising slavery punishable by up to 30 years in prison. This was in response to the publication of the first national survey of slavery, which was jointly carried out by Timidria and Anti-Slavery International. The report established the extent and countrywide existence of slavery, having interviewed over 11,000 people, most of whom were found to be in slavery.
I have been an active member of Anti-Slavery International since the spring of 1965 when my Arabic language tutor returned from a visit home to tell me that his family had aquired a new slave during his stay in America a young eunuch. Slavery was officially abolished in Saudi Arabia in 1956, but persists today.
Anti-Slavery International estimates that there are over 27,000,000 slaves in the world today! They range from 4 and 5 year-old Bengali boys, kidnapped and traded to the Gulf States for use in camel racing (The death rate among jockeys is as high as 50%.) to small boys and girls sold into brothels in India and Thailand, to slave labor in the Amazon rain forest of Brazil. The international slave trade is active and brutal today.
In a report released yesterday (Wednesday, May 11, 2005) the International Labor Organization gave a much more conservative figure of a minimum of 12,300,000 slaves in the world though they admit that it is a very conservative number of which they can be absolutely confident. They also estimated that the MINIMUM profitability of the slave trade amounted to at least U.S.$59,000,000,000 per year. This certainly makes it a major world industry!
If you would like to get involved in fighting the problem, you can start with the following web pages for major anti-slavery organizations:
Anti-Slavery International (
http://www.antislavery.org/), the major international organization
The Australian Anti-Slavery Society (
http://www.anti-slaverysociety.org/)
American Anti-Slavery Group (
http://www.iabolish.com/), a recent, but very active and effective group
Free the Slaves (
http://www.freetheslaves.net/home.php)