Very interesting subject!
To begin with, magnetic fields follow that law of Physics known as the inverse square law. What this means, roughly, is that the intensity of a magnetic field is reduced to 25% of its original strength when you double your distance from it.
If you would go from one foot to three feet from that field, the intensity of the field decreases by the inverse of 3 squared or, to one ninth of its intensity. And so forth...
Of course, Maxwell's equations express so eloquently, a changing magnetic field across an electrical conductor at a right angle will generate a flowing current in that conductor, just as a conductor when moved through a stationary magnetic field at a right angle to the field will cause a current to be induced in the conductor.
The main effect of very, very intense magnetic fields on human tissue is heating which occurs because the human body is mostly water, and water is 2/3 hydrogen. The hydrogen atom has only one positive charge in the nucleus and one negative charge in the electron and as such is always sort of lop-sided. A magnetic field will line the spin of the hydrogen atom with the magnetic field and if the field changes or the body moves, the hydrogen will stay aligned with the magnetic field.
A magetic field strength is commonly measured in Gauss. The magnetic feld strength of the Earth that makes compasses work is from 2.5 to 4 gauss, according to your position on the Earth's surface. 1 Tesla, (another measure of magnetic field strength in MKS) is the equivalent of 10,000 Gauss.
Electric transmission lines vary in voltage but generally range form 115,000 volts to 230,000 volts (
http://www.eia.doe.gov/cneaf/pubs_html/ ... _sale.html). This is done to reduce the current and therefore reduce heating losses during long-distance transmission. The magnetic field strength of these lines is generally NOT significant unless you lve right under them or in a very close proximity. Transmission lines are not a problem if kept a distance from people. (
http://www.answers.com/topic/electric-p ... ansmission)
Most of the danger is from electrical shock, not magnetic fields. (
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PXiOQCRiSp0) Be sure to click this one, it is shocking...! ...but only if you are close enough...
Putting this into perspective, you get more cellular heating in the presence of a microwave oven than you do a transmission line. In fact, if you live close to a Microwave telephone transmission tower, that is when to start worrying. It can actually cook a goose in the path of its transmission, if they are too close for too long.